What constitutes an appearance by the defendant?

The correct response revolves around the official recognition of a defendant in a civil case, which occurs when they take concrete steps to participate in the legal proceedings. Serving an answer or a notice of appearance signifies a defendant’s intention to contest the claims made against them in court. This action serves as a formal acknowledgment of the lawsuit and is essential for the defendant to safeguard their rights, as failure to make an appearance can lead to a default judgment against them.

Filing a complaint with the court refers to the initiation of a case rather than responding to one. Likewise, no action being required to appear is misleading, as a defendant must actively engage in the process to prevent default. Simply acknowledging service of summons does not equate to an official appearance because it does not indicate the intent to participate in the proceedings or contest the claims made by the plaintiff. Thus, the correct choice highlights the necessity for an active step, establishing the defendant’s role in the lawsuit.